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动科普丨登录制作平台就能一键生成你想要的App？警惕！便利与风险并存！******
【万万没想到！App花样套路大解密③——应用制作乱象篇】
制作一款App需要几步？说出来别不信。
在一些App在线生成平台上，仅需一个域名地址、编写少量的网页代码，勾选平台提供的丰富的功能模块就能制作一款App。
甚至部分平台还提供软著、上架、分发的服务。这些功能服务便利了正规的中小型开发者，但同时也为黑灰产开发者开了口子，使得犯罪类应用广泛利用在线生成平台制作……
前段时间，业界发布的《移动互联网风险应用白皮书（2021）》对国内数十款在线生成平台进行分析监测，当前App在线生成平台存在如下的安全问题：
1.被黑灰产团伙用于开发制作网络犯罪应用或者风险应用，其提供的功能和服务极大地降低了恶意应用开发者开发制作网络犯罪应用的成本和时间，这种现象日趋严重。
2.部分不正规的在线生成平台未提供针对开发者的实名制认证要求，部分在线平台对开发者身份和上传应用内容或者功能的审查机制薄弱。
3.在线生成平台提供了丰富的插件式功能模块选择，以及一站式的应用分发服务和上架服务，平台还能对开发者上传的应用配置信息和相关代码的加密，增加了对该类风险应用治理的难度。
4.此外，对于一些特定品类的App开发者，如果选择了不当的生成平台生成，还可能引入一些隐私合规类的风险问题。
随着移动互联网技术和智能终端的广泛普及,移动智能终端上这类网络犯罪类应用及相关黑灰产产业链不容小觑。这份白皮书显示，网络犯罪类应用在生成平台制作的数量占比中，“贷款诈骗”的样本占比最高，比例达67%；其次为“色播应用”，样本占比为17%；“色情应用”“仿冒金融平台”“投资理财诈骗”等应用也占有一定比例。
比如，下面这款应用界面即为仿冒微信界面。2019年以来，中国裁判文书网公布多起与虚假App有关的电诈案，涉及虚拟币投资、赌博、套路贷等多个领域大量“量身定制”的涉诈App背后，有的公司从接单、开发，到封装、分发、售后等，提供“一条龙”服务，诈骗App背后隐现技术开发灰色产业链。
仿冒App
博彩应用
业界人士提醒，移动互联网生态良性有序发展离不开行业相关规范和标准的引导，以及海量发现、关口前移的技术手段进行治理和约束。App生成平台具备开发技术门槛低、成本低、跨平台适配等特点，能够满足很多中小企业的实际需求，不应当成为黑灰产作恶的工具。
如今，移动生态的安全与否越来越取决于针对风险应用的安全治理能力，移动安全生态建设，也离不开手机厂商、开发者等各方参与者的通力合作。
（监制：张宁 策划：李政葳 制作：黎梦竹 部分内容来源中青网等）
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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